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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 153, No. 9 : 882-891
Copyright © 2001 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Application of the Induced Exposure Method to Compare Risks of Traffic Crashes among Different Types of Drivers under Different Environmental Conditions

José Luis Redondo-Calderón1, Juan de Dios Luna-del-Castillo2, José Juan Jiménez-Moleón3, Miguel García-Martín3, Pablo Lardelli-Claret3 and Ramón Gálvez-Vargas3

1 Delegación Provincial de Salud, E-14004 Cordoba, Spain.
2 Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
3 Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.

The authors used the induced exposure method to compare risks of traffic crashes among different types of Spanish drivers under different environmental conditions. The authors analyzed traffic crashes recorded by the Spanish Dirección General de Tráfico for the years 1991 and 1992 to compare proportions of drivers in different age/sex categories who were involved in single-vehicle and multivehicle crashes under different psychological and physical conditions. Crash risk was 1.42- to 2.35-fold greater in men than in women, depending on driver category and environmental factors. Risk was also significantly higher in the 18- to 24-year-old age group (1.75- to 2.87-fold greater than in drivers aged 25–49 years) and under abnormal psychological-physical conditions (1.69- to 4.10-fold greater among drivers under the influence of alcohol). Twilight and night driving, driving in urban areas, and driving on weekends and legal holidays were also associated, though nonsignificantly, with a slightly higher traffic crash risk. These findings are consistent with earlier reports, and they support the usefulness of the induced exposure method as an easy and economical tool with which to analyze data contained in traffic crash records.

accidents, traffic; automobile driving; epidemiologic methods; risk

Abbreviations: DGT, Dirección General de Tráfico.


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